Refractories (refractories)
Refractoriness above 1580 ℃ of inorganic non-metallic materials. Refractoriness refractory cone refers to the sample in the absence of load cases, resistance to high temperature without melting down the Celsius temperature to soften. Accompany the refractories and high temperature technology, roughly mid-term originated in the Bronze Age. Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty has to do with the clay refractory materials and kiln fired porcelain sagger. Early 20th century, refractory to high-purity, high density and ultra high temperature products direction, but also the emergence of entirely without firing, low energy consumption of monolithic refractories and refractory fiber. Modern, with the atomic energy technology, space technology, new energy technologies, high temperature, corrosion, thermal shock resistance, superior erosion performance of refractories comprehensive has been applied.
Wide range of refractory materials, usually divided by the level of refractoriness ordinary refractories (1580 ~ 1770 ℃), high refractory (1770 ~ 2000 ℃) and super refractories (2000 ℃ above); divided according to chemical properties of acid refractories , neutral and basic refractories refractory. In addition, refractories for special occasions.
Acidic refractory silicon oxide as the main ingredient, commonly used silica brick and clay. Silica is silicon oxide containing more than 93% of the silica products, raw materials used are silica, silica and other waste, slag erosion of its strong-acid, high-load softening temperature, the volume does not shrink after repeated calcination, even a slight expansion; However, its vulnerability to erosion of basic slag, thermal shock is poor. Silica is mainly used for coke oven, glass furnace, steel-making furnaces and other acidic thermal equipment. To fire clay brick as the main raw material, containing 30% to 46% of alumina, is a weak acid refractory materials, thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance to acid slag a wide range of applications.
Neutral alumina refractories, chromium oxide or carbon as the main ingredient. Containing more than 95% alumina corundum products is a wider use of high-quality refractories. With chromium oxide as the main ingredient of chromium slag brick of good corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance but poor hot load deformation temperature is lower. Carbon-carbon refractories are bricks, graphite and silicon carbide products, quality products, low coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, heat vibration performance, high temperature, high strength, resistance to acid and salt erosion, from metal and slag wetting, light. Widely used as high-temperature furnace lining material, also used in petroleum, chemical autoclave liner.
Basic refractory to magnesium oxide, calcium oxide as the main ingredient, is commonly used brick. Containing magnesium oxide 80% to 85% of the brick, slag and iron slag alkaline have a good resistance, high refractoriness than clay and silica brick. Mainly used for open hearth furnace, basic oxygen furnace, electric furnace, non-ferrous metal smelting equipment, as well as some high-temperature devices.
Firefighters wearing fire-resistant uniforms
Application for special occasions with high-temperature refractory oxide materials, such as alumina, lanthanum oxide, beryllium oxide, calcium oxide, zirconia, etc., materials, refractory compounds, such as carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides and sulfides other; high temperature composite materials, mainly metal-ceramic, high temperature inorganic coatings and fiber-reinforced ceramics.| Updated:2011.11.15 Source: Clicks:1641
