First layer and the second floor of the difference - Leather of knowledge
Leather case is the leather care industry and consumers need to know the basics. Modern leather processing technology becomes more advanced, more and more varieties of leather, just from the surface of the pores of leather thickness, density and type of degree of authenticity has been far from enough. Grasp the distinction between knowledge of leather, leather understand the performance characteristics and tensile strength, for the design and production of leather goods, leather care and cleaning and renovation industry repair, leather products, leather goods consumers purchase and use of great help.
Looking at the world leather industry, leather, including leather, recycled leather and artificial leather.
Leather for cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, deer or some other animal stripped of the original skin, tanning processed by tanneries, made of a variety of features, strength, feel, color, pattern leather material, leather products of modern the necessary materials. Among them, cowhide, sheepskin and pigskin leather materials used are the three skin types. Dermal layer of skin into the first and second layer of skin types.
(1) The first layer is of a grain of cattle, sheep, pig, etc., have a natural leather bar marks and other scars and blood, occasional stab wound to the processing and utilization of low belly area, Import the first layer of skin as well the number of cattle brand. Whole grain dough from the pore thickness and coarseness to distinguish what kind of animal leather. More types of leather such as cow leather, meat, leather, grazing leather, cowhide, leather male, not castrated male and castrated male cow leather. In our country there are yellow leather, buffalo, yak skin and Pianniu hides. Among them, the water pores of thick leather and more sparse; leather yellow leather, water is more dense and fine pores. Fine pores in sheep's clothing is more dense and a little more slope, mainly sheep skin and goatskin two categories. Rules for long-haired pig is a small group of 3 to 5 distribution, it is easy to distinguish the general use of pig skin in captivity, as well as wild boar skin, a famous South American wild boar, wild boar leather that has obvious pig skin pores and grain characteristics, due to its special structure of collagen fibers, can be processed into very soft garment leather or glove leather, high-value. In addition, ostrich skin, crocodile skin, alligator skin, lizard skin, snake, bullfrog skin, sea water fish skin (shark skin, cod skin, Min skin, eel skin, pearl skin, etc.), fish skin ( There are grass carp, carp and other scaly skin skin) with hair fox (silver fox skin, blue fox, etc.), weasel, dog, rabbit, etc. are easily identifiable, and can not be made from the second floor.
First layer of skin from a variety of animal hides processed directly, or thick cortex of cattle, pigs, horses and other animals cross into the skin after hair removal upper and lower layers, the upper part of the fiber is organized into a variety of processing the first layer of skin.
(2) The second layer is the layer of fibrous tissue loose part, by chemical spray or covered with material PVC, PU film processing.
Thus, the distinction between first layer and second layer of skin and effective way, is a longitudinal section view of Chapi fiber density. First layer of skin by the thin, dense layer of fibers and closely linked with its slightly over-layer composed of loose, with good strength, elasticity and plasticity characteristics of technology. Second layer of skin only loose fibrous tissue layer, only after spraying chemicals or polishing can be used to make leather products, it maintains a certain degree of natural elasticity and plasticity characteristics of technology, but the strength is poor, with the first layer of the thickness required the same skin.
There are now popular for a variety of leather production, leather processing technology is somewhat different, but the distinction is the same.
The following details for you all through the leather processing leather:
1, the water stained leather: refers to cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, deer and other first layer of skin bleaching and dyeing all kinds of colors, fall loose on the drum, and a variety of glazing made of soft leather processing.
2, the open side of Pearl leather: leather, also known as film, throw in half along the backbone, and repair to the loose wrinkled belly and limbs of the first layer or two-story part of the open side of leather, attached to its surface together a variety of net colors, metallic colors, fluorescent pearl, magic-color or multi-colored PVC film processed.
3, patent leather: The second floor of the billet after pressure spraying colored light or chemical raw materials processed leather extinction.
4, repair dough: the first layer of skin is less billet, polished surface, rubbed off the surface of the muscle scars and marks of blood, plasma spraying with a variety of color in the skin, the pressure effect into the grain or smooth leather.
5, the embossed leather: generally used in the repair or open side of dough beads to suppress the skin from a variety of patterns or designs. For example, imitation crocodile pattern, lizard pattern, ostrich skin pattern, snake sticks, water ripples, beautiful bark patterns, embossed leather, imitation deer patterns, etc., as well as a variety of stripes, plaid, or to reflect the variety of three-dimensional pattern brand image of the creative design and so on.
6, printed or branded flower leather: leather embossed with the same choice of materials, but different processing technology, the printing or hot Luocheng a variety of patterns or patterns of the first layer or two layer of skin.
7, matte leather: The leather polished surface, and grain abrasion scars or rough fibers, exposing neat profit of leather fibrous tissue are then dyed a variety of popular colors from the first layer or
8, suede leather: also known as suede, leather billet is polished into a velvet-like surface, and then dyed a variety of popular colors from the first layer of skin.
9, laser skin: also known as laser skin, laser technology cited in the leather surface etching of the latest patterns leather varieties.
Rawhide: the cost of various animal skin and leather scraps of crushed, made deployment of chemical raw materials. Processing the surface repair dough with leather, embossed leather, as characterized by relatively neat edge hides, high utilization, low price; but the skin is generally thicker body strength is poor, only suitable for making cheap briefcase, trolley bags , club sets and other products and affordable belt setting process, the longitudinal section of uniform fibrous tissue, can recognize the solidification of liquid is mixed fiber effect.
Leather: also known as leather or rubber, PVC and PU and other man-made materials in general. It is based on non-woven textile cloth or by a variety of different formulations of PVC and PU, etc. made of foam or coating process, according to different strength, abrasion resistance, cold resistance degree and color, luster, pattern processed into patterns and other requirements, with wide variety of colors, waterproof performance is good, neat margins, utilization of high and low price relative to the characteristics of leather, but most of the leather, the feel and flexibility can not achieve the effect of the dermis; its vertical section, you can see tiny bubbles holes, cloth or the surface of the film and dry dry man-made fibers. It is a very popular early until now a class of materials, and is commonly used for the production of leather products, leather, or some material. It is increasingly sophisticated production process, being the second floor of the production process widely used. Now, mimicking characteristics of leather to leather production market with its base surface process is extremely fibrous tissue, almost leather effect, the price and domestic price comparable to the first layer of skin.
Identification of natural leather with leather
With the social development of science and technology, leather technology matures, product quality greatly improved, especially in the simulation of the skin, it can be taken as real, in the permeability, flexibility, feel and appearance, and many other aspects are similar to natural leather, but the price but much lower than natural leather, therefore, to improve our ability to identify, are presented some simple and direct method for reference.
1, visual identification method: First, from the leather pattern, pores, etc. to identify, at the surface of natural leather pattern can be seen, the existence of pores and unevenly distributed, there is a negative animal fiber, side section, the level of clearly identifiable the lower animals fiber, with a fingernail scratch test will be put up the leather fibers, there is the feeling of raising a small amount of fiber can fall down, but the opposite can see the fabric of synthetic leather, side no animal fiber, generally no skin pores , but some are man-made leather pores, the pores will be obvious there is some pattern is not obvious, or have more regular artificial pattern, the pores are very similar.
2, handle identification method: Second flexible leather handle, the leather down the front bent 90 degrees there will be natural fold, respectively, in different parts of bending, the resulting folds thickness, number, there was uneven, which can be that this is leather, genuine leather with a natural because of the uneven nature of fibrous tissue and, thus the formation of wrinkle lines performance is significantly uneven. The synthetic leather feels like plastic, response is poor, how much weight bending down folds are similar.
3, the odor identification method: natural leather coat with an very strong flavor, even after treatment, the taste is more pronounced, and leather products, there are stocks of plastic taste, no taste of fur.
4, the combustion identification method: The main focus is to sniff and smell the ashes to see the state, the combustion of natural leather will be issued when an odor of burnt hair, firing into a powdery ash is generally friable, and leather, after the flame has burned more Wang, shrinking rapidly, and shares hard to hear the plastic taste, burning sticky after cooling will harden into a block.
In leather apparel, machine washable is the most prominent selling point, as is easy to clean leather pants like jeans, this specially processed leather and finishing, such as stone, decorating and laser engraving, which is characterized as light as nothing , feel very comfortable.
Leather material advantages: leather clothing in addition to comfort, more importantly, the price is much cheaper than leather, and leather styles close to the fashion trends of clothing, in particular, welcomed by the younger generation. With design, printing, embossing and embroidery of leather clothing, has become widely accepted in the spring and summer.| Updated:2011.11.25 Source: Clicks:2917
