1991, 1993, Henan two benzoyl peroxide explosion
In Henan, there had been two explosions since benzoyl peroxide , a pharmaceutical factory in Xuchang , one in Zhengzhou, a food additive plant. The two accidents taken together , it gives people inspiration has the following points, firstly because the industry is limited , poor access to information , although close at hand , did not learn well , to avoid similar incidents ; two due to professional constraints, the production process and product dangerous ignorance lead to accidents .
1 . Two after the accident
Two main ingredients of plant products are benzoyl peroxide , is a Class A flammable substance , in case of fire , friction, impact explode . One of its raw materials hydrogen peroxide (H202, commonly known as hydrogen peroxide ) also is the CPI flammable substances.
Xuchang pharmaceutical explosion occurred in at 14:15 on December 6, 1991 , the plant is a branch of the dryer by chemical decomposition of benzoyl peroxide powerful explosion killed four people, injured one person slightly injured two people .
The final product of this plant is used to make improvements flour brightener , mainly due to human medicines with benzoyl peroxide is a dangerous chemical substances , in order to avoid dangerous outsourcing transportation , they produce their own . But the production of benzoyl peroxide is benzoyl chloride and hydrogen peroxide raw material , these materials also like benzoyl peroxide , is hazardous chemicals. Despite their own production, eliminating the outsourcing of transport of dangerous benzoyl peroxide , hydrogen peroxide transport of dangerous but still exists, and make the final product more than a number of dangerous areas . This is clearly unsafe for security decisions.
Two days before the accident , which is at 8:00 on December 4th, 1991 , the fifth craft workshop dryer drying benzoyl peroxide 105 kg . According to process requirements , to be dried 8 hours in the afternoon downtime. Laboratory sampling analysis that the content failed , need to dry again . 9:00 the next day , the benzoyl peroxide unqualified dried again put in the dryer . Unexpectedly day power outage, could not start the dryer . At 8:00 on the 6th , named Ma on duty dryer drying station after an inspection by the drying station and laboratory workers Humou seedlings of a boiler room with notification to send hot fireman Yang , Wang went to open the vacuum refrigeration room notice , HU Miao duo returned after drying room . 9:00 or so, Zhang shouted Humou go for testing . 14:00 stop vacuum in the vacuum stopped after about 15 minutes , the dryer dried benzoyl peroxide chemical explosion , a total of five bombed workshop two layers , one mill , dryer 1 set , fixed the dryer exhaust steam pipe in the house moved south about 3 meters , shell hit the north wall about 8.5 m flying , buildings collapsed, causing heavy casualties .
Year and a half later , Zhengzhou explosion took place in the same material , while the death toll is nearly seven times the previous one . June 26, 1993 , Zhengzhou High-tech Development Zone, a food additive plant more than seven tons of benzoyl peroxide exploded , resulting in 27 deaths , 33 people were injured. Blast occurred at around 16:15 , with a bang , black smoke tucked fireball into the sky, in the air and form into a ball of black mushroom cloud , violent blast and shock waves wrecking plants and walls , then the blast set off by brick tile and broken leg stump victims fell from the sky , the smoke cleared, the dust settled after more than 3700 square meters of construction has become flat , adjacent businesses and therefore affected .
Surviving employees looked at the ruins stunned them at the scene to find 27 victims of the wreckage , including customer orders , the plant 's director , also rescued 33 wounded. 27 victims, the oldest 62 years old , the youngest 18 years old. Of which five young farmers , to plant the first day they work, calamity befell , described as appalling .
2 . The direct cause of the accident
Xuchang pharmaceutical benzoyl peroxide before the explosion , the first of the steam valve not closed , the second difference of the steam valve not closed circle strict, display the second volume of the steam valve inlet pressure is 0.1 MPa. To judge, drying station named Ma , a vaccine did not follow the " dryer safe operation of law " requirements " in shutdown vacuum , you should shut down an hour early steam ' regulations. In the strict two not the case the steam valve , stop the vacuum notification afternoon , after pumping stops resulting in sharp rise in temperature resulting in a desiccator benzoyl peroxide decomposition due to overheating caused by violent explosion.
Pilot production plant in front of their process design , equipment, operating procedures and other requirements of hazardous chemicals fails to report to the Security Administration identification of acceptance .
The plant is modeled using the drier dryer Xuchang pharmaceutical homemade . The dryer for drying general goods , dry hazardous chemicals benzoyl peroxide does not apply.
Zhengzhou food additive plant explosion surface for three reasons .
① poor conditions intrinsically safe plant , plant design defects and more imperfect process design , plant layout is unreasonable. The plant in the living area , the general production areas and production areas of dangerous goods is not required division, the kitchen is located in the factory . The plant project construction drawings are not required , process documents nor complete, the contents of safe production is almost zero ; while some of the production equipment selection is also problematic , before the accident , some of the equipment in the production process has taken place burning, in addition to any changes in plant and construction drawings , lower explosion-proof standards , the plant can not find the fire service . Explanation about these serious risks leading safety awareness is extremely indifferent .
② safety management chaos. Neither the person responsible for the plant safety , nor the safety management system , but no workers had any safety training and education . Warehouse security management confusion, mixed deposit mix a very serious problem . Who freely enter , more serious is the warehouse and office mix , but also for workers casually smoking without any restrictions. These issues reflects the leadership of safe production apathetic workers safe quality is poor. As a leader in Zhengzhou City, said the explosion does not occur today , tomorrow will happen.
③ In order to obtain high profits , even in spite of the factory there is a serious risk, mass organizations , and finally led to the accidents .
3 . Lessons from the accident , and measures to prevent similar accidents
These two incidents revealed some enterprises in the economic construction, there are many serious neglect of safety issues , a very profound lesson . Zhengzhou High-tech Development Zone, especially food additive plant unscrupulous consequences to our food finally sounded the alarm . In economic development , we want to emphasize economic efficiency , but not just to benefit , not about safety .
Safe production is a long-term work , can only be strengthened, not weakened, but can not nobody do it. But no one is responsible for plant safety in production . In this great enterprise risk , security should be the life, will certainly be an accident.
High-tech Development Zone, paying greater attention to the construction of safe production. Many areas opened up a lot of high-tech development zone, attracting foreign investment, the high-tech applied to industrial production as soon as possible , played a very important role. But in terms of production safety , the same can not be ignored.
In strict accordance with the National Chemical Dangerous Goods Safety Management Regulations requirements to design , produce, stockpile . Pre-production to ask the relevant departments of the existing plant , equipment, processes , rules and procedures to conduct feasibility studies , identification of acceptance before commencing production.
Enterprises should strengthen technical training to improve cadres, staff quality and safety awareness business technology . Workers must be trained in special operations , certificates.
4 . Zhengzhou food additive plant accident Inspiration
Food additives plant in Zhengzhou bang was razed to the ground , the fundamental reason is that professional counterparts . Say the plant's personnel quality , single individual academic perspective , is highly qualified group , and also the knowledge-intensive enterprises ; On education, mostly college students, but with a non- learned , they do not know is the production of food additives complex chemical process , raw materials and finished products are dangerous , but do not know chemical safety technology ; from hydrogen peroxide and benzoyl chloride as raw materials to produce powdered benzoyl peroxide process point of view , the plant has a chemical production features. But the plant from management to operators, not all chemical science , but in a food processing or storage and transportation . Professional counterparts due to low quality result , not to mention the quality of the security , why would the factory exploded, a plant's college students do not know . With advanced production equipment and not know technology, security personnel, so this plant in the explosion , even the director has not been spared .
Over the years, the university , college graduates accounted for the proportion of total number of enterprises to measure the size and low quality of employees ( except for a few professional counterparts , the vast majority Xuefeisuoyong . Xuefeisuoyong , their cultural level is being reduced ) in fact , the company's operating level education are in high school , management is difficult to achieve high school ; decision-making is not much better than the previous two , many business leaders yesterday was the chairman of the board or the party secretary , today is factory long ( manager ) , tomorrow suddenly become the chairman of the union . Many people read the university as a destination ( social, family is so misleading ) , graduated from college a diverted to work on the blind , to abandon their years of professional school . CYL Central Committee released a survey , 61% of accidents due to low labor skills of young workers . Therefore, the manufacturing expertise of employees still missing cases, universal access to safe scientific knowledge , which means safety publicity and education faced with the dual task . Only by facing up to this situation, in order to meet their actual work . Of course, different companies have different situations, in addition to face this situation , but also special circumstances special treatment in the production of the required expertise to meet the business under the premise of full use of the knowledge structure of a hodgepodge of different professions from each other, forming a knowledge comprehensive group of employees , so that production safety have not do any harm , but also in line with modern corporate safety culture construction on the full range of skills and knowledge needed .| Updated:2013.10.16 Source: Clicks:2731
