Dangerous point pre-control is on power production in every work, according to the working content, working methods, environment, personnel, equipment and to analyze the actual, search may lead to human error accident risk factors, according to the regulations system, make be on guard measure of a safety management method. It is dangerous to work with the basis of recognition and search, in control of the key production on-site implementation procedures, standardized operation. Practice has proved, it is the effective method to prevent human error accident.

1 dangerous point search

1.1 dangerous point definition

Dangerous point is the point at which caused by human error accident potential point. Power operation risk points in the following three aspects: one is likely to result in injury to the operation risk in the environment, such as the construction of the special geographical environment, road, traffic, weather and other; two is likely to result in injury to the equipment ( line ) and other objects, including the work of production industrial appliances; three for workers operating in violation of safety rules or habitual peccancy and constitute a risk point.

According to the degree of hazard risk can be divided into two categories, the first category for direct danger point, which may directly cause misoperation, false dispatching, misoperation, malfunction equipment accidents and accidents of dangerous point; second category is the category of dangerous point indirectly, by means of the first category of dangerous point function and may constitute accident risk point. Because of the danger point danger degree has have greatly small, have light weight, risk control should be focused on, for the first kind of dangerous point should focus on the implementation of control.

1.2 dangerous point searching method

1.2.1 site reconnaissance method

This method is mainly used for equipment inherent danger point searching. Request start work area ( workshop), worker of team and group, field of view of each line, each device of the dangerous point, record and summary. Such as power management for each 10kV line on the cross, error climbing pole, inverse power transmission, electric induction, inverted rod, road traffic and other aspects of the dangerous points, compiled, and input into the microcomputer; operation departments focusing on error-preventive operation to carry out special search (such as switches, knife and run mode transform operation, relay protection and switching, hanging ground grounding end, conductive terminal choice ), compiled into" the operating risk and control measures"; repair test branch through the relay protection technical personnel substation Dundian check, search, edit out substation protective device of relay protection security measures such as card.

1.2.2 analysis prediction method

This method is from a known fact, analysis inferred will begin to work in the presence of danger point method. These facts can be both the unit, the team, can also be outside the unit in similar operations once accident. On the basis of the existing data, sorting out the personal injury ( including death, serious injury, injuries and attempted) condition, by analysis, find out the causes of accidents and potential risk, and puts forward the risk to find focus.

1.2.3 habitual peccancy refers to the old worker of bad work tradition and work habits, in violation of safety rules of behavior. In order to effectively control the risk, they must row touch workers in habitual violations, collect common habitual peccancy and hazards for workers, check and in the operation to control.

1.2.4 accident cause analysis

Electricity production accident, always by man, machine, material ( equipment ) ( apparatus), ring ( environment ), method ( method ) elements. Accident cause analysis, to identify accident is analyzed through the decisive factors, focus on prevention method. Here said the accident, to a certain extent is the accident of dangerous point. Therefore, use of accident causation analysis method, is helpful to the analysis of forecast, identify the dangerous points, in a targeted manner to prevent.

Accident analysis of the general steps for:

( 1) before operation, according to each operation condition is likely to cause an accident, a list of all the dangerous point;

( 2 ) analysis of risk and accident, accident clear them in the role, to draw causal graph;

( 3) from may lead to accidents of dangerous point, find out the main risk points and the general role of the dangerous point.

( 4) according to the results of the analysis, formulation of safety technical measures, grasping the main risk of elimination and control work.

1.3 dangerous point to find work

A comprehensive system to carry out dangerous point to find work, to do a planned, step by step, measures. First of all to the preparation of uniform dangerous point registration form, follow from bottom to top, bottom, work area ( workshop) control principle, the team as a unit, to the professional, the positions of the various operations, all equipment, checking and analysis of dangerous point and its distribution, and a registration. On this basis, for each risk point, control procedures and related system, put forward risk control measures, reported and confirmed, classification management and control. At the same time compiling risk management software, computer application management.

Dangerous point for general use 3 kinds of methods:

( 1) census. This is a dangerous point database form important method, according to the actual situation combined with the annual safety inspection work of;

( 2) operations during the supplemental risk point. This is a dangerous point of dynamic management effective method, requirement worker before operation and after class in the analysis, summary, to supplement;

( 3) the routine patrol. This is the inherent equipment risk point dynamic management effective method, can be timely to add and remove dangerous point.

2 dangerous point control method

Risk control is to use existing technology and management methods, to achieve the optimal level of safety. Can be divided into:

( 1) the macro control. With the entire system as the object, the dangerous point control. Means are: legal means ( policies, laws, rules and regulations ), economic and administrative means ( award, penalty, punishment, s) and Education ( safety education and training );

( 2) the microcosmic control. Specific to the dangerous point is the object of control, control of dangerous point. The main means of rectification measures, organization measures, technical measures for safety, advance warning and monitoring.

Macro control and micro control combination, complement each other, each other, can establish the human error accident multi-level, three-dimensional control system.

2.1 equipment inherent danger point control method

In order to equipment inherent danger point control methods mainly include:

( 1) to take remedial measures or in the design, selection, installation and improvement, eliminating the danger point;

( 2) from the equipment protection and body protection two aspects into consideration, take effective measures, control of dangerous point;

( 3) is provided with warning signs, fixed isolation measures, safety protection fence or set safety distance method, isolation of dangerous point.

2.2 operations during the dangerous point control method

On the operation process of dangerous point of main control method is to carry out the procedure, standardization work. This is the realization of human error accident control is the key, the control measures:

(1 ) formulation of standard operation, the safety operation regulations and risk control measures, standardize people's behavior, should meet the following requirements:

The full use of existing safety regulations, such as the" two out", work permits, work guardianship system, operation ticket, ticket and security operation tickets, the various security measures ( blackouts, electricity testing, grounding technology ), various warning, warning to remind, applied to the standardization work for each link, to control risk point.

The risk control measures should be targeted and operable. For example, in order to prevent security following the" three error" accident, should be tailored to the specific protection to formulate two operation safety measures for card, clear and protection work related protection should be safety measures, should remove the joints.

The standard should be consistent with the actual situation. Since the production of the actual situation of the myriads of changes, standards are often difficult to achieve a comprehensive control of dangerous points, therefore should formulate practical operation standard. From departments to formulate general operating standards, again by the team in response to specific work to supplement, handover area ( workshop) after the audit executive.

The overhaul package shall be prepared, will determine the standard operation, safe operation rules and risk control measures into overhaul package, form a system, improve the work method and standard.

Preparation of substation maintenance package, through the use of dangerous point pre-control measures" card"," security card" relay protection typical measures of equipment maintenance, each link, each step of the risk point to confirm, control, so as to achieve the whole process control.

In the operation of dangerous point control, compiling overhaul operation package, the tools ready, misoperation prevention, prevention of falls from a height of dangerous point incorporated therein, the implementation of standardized, standardized operation, for each type of equipment, each operation control.

( 2) to make employee comply with standards, safety operation rules and risk control measures, often must be constantly on the staff education and training, and strengthen the safety supervision.